Manufacture of carpets and similar fabrics.



P. SABONADIER a E. DEAUBONNE. MANUFAGTURE 0F GARPBTS AND SIMILARPABnIos.

APILIGATION FILED JULY 31,1912.

Patented June 30, 1914.

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MANUFAGTURE 0F OARPETS AND SIMILAR FABRICS. APPLICATION FILED JULY a1.1912. 1, 102, 170.

Patented June 30,1914.

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MANUFACTUREOF CARPETS AND SIMILAR FABRICS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 30, 1914.

Application filed July 31, 1912. Serial No. 712,576.

To all 'whom it may concern.

Be it known that we, PAUL SAeoNAmnn and E'rinNNn DEAUBONNE, citizens ofthe French Republic, residing at Paris, in France, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Carpets and SimilarFabrics, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the prepa 'ation of pile warp or weft for themanufacture of carpets and similar fabrics, and it comprehends, briefly,certain hereinafter-described improvements in the process set forth inour prior Patent, No. 1,024,421, granted April as, i912.

rlhe patented process consists, primarily, in the production of a warporrweft composed of a continuous band of Gingalette muslin, or the like,which is folded longitudinally and has secured between its sides aseries of variously-colored pile threads, the latter being arrangedlongitudinally, one after another, in the order in which thecorresponding colors appear in the pattern. Such process, however, whenput into actual practice, has proved objectionable in some respects,notably in that the Gingalctte band, which constitutes the sole meansfor connecting the threads together, is comparatively expensive; must becut, folded and wound; must be woven with the warp into the pile; can beremoved, after weaving, only with the greatest difficulty, and withgreat danger' of injury to the fabric; and is entirely useless, and thuswasted, on being removed. On the other hand, with the present process,all of the afore-meutioned defects are overcome, or avoided, by formingthe warp or weft merely by gluing together the adjoining ends of thepile threads, the adhesive being removable, after completion of theweaving, by simply dipping the woven fabric into a bath of water orother suitable liquid. A

In carrying o out the improved process, there may be utilized, forexample, the apparatus represented in the accompanying drawing, whereof:

Figures l, 2 and 3 are part-sectional side elevations of the mechanismfor applying the adhesive, showing the various positions assumedthereby; and Figa is a part-seetional side elevation showing a lightmodification of vthe invention and, also, certain parts omitted fromFigs. l, 2 and.

As the spools, from which the short lengths or sections are taken, havethe same arrangement and mounting as in our aboveidentified patent, andsince the transfer of the selected spools into the apparatus and theapplication of the ends of the threads upon the conveyor are likewiseeffected in a substantially similar manner to that described therein,rcference may be had to said patent for a complete expose of suchoperations, and extended explanation and illustration in the presentcase are deemed unnecessary and,hence, are omitted. It is consideredsufficient forpresentpurposes,therefore, to state that, as in theearlier process, the threads that go to make up the warp or weft arewenn d on long spools, the number of which is equal to the number ofsuccessive picks comprised :in the pattern, and that cach of such spoolsis itself constituted by a series of individual spools arranged side byside upona common spindle, the threads of theseindividual spools beingof the same colors asthe parts of the pattern to which they respectivelycorrespoml. Also, the threads are of sufficient length to enable thenumber of short lengths or sections requisite for the formation of thecomplete carpet to be taken therefrom. The long `spools. are brought inturn and in the proper order into operative position in the apparatus bymeans of suitable mechanism, and, on reaching such position, the ends ofthe threads that are wound on the component members of the long spoolare deposited upon the above-mentioned conveyor and drawn through thcapparatus to be acted on by the glue-applying mechanism, as subsequentlydescribed.

In the construction illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, a portion of theconvcyer is represented diagranmiatically in dotted lilies, and, asshown, comprises a series of pivotally-(anuuazted members f/ in the formet cross-hars, each of which is so grooved as to constitute, in effect,a separate table. The

number of such grooves is equal to that of the continuous warps or weftsto be produced, and the length of the conveyor itself, (which latter isof the endless type), is such that by the time that the warpsor weftshave been removed therefrom the glue or other adhesive binding the endsof the short threads together' will have ecmpletely solidified. Theconveyor is given a .step-by-step movement by means of driving tem formoving the saine from one positionV to the other. rlhe tank has ahopper-shaped front portion which is provided with a series of dischargetubes 1 corresponding in number to the number of grooves in the conveyermembers g, or, in other words, the

number of threads undergoing treatment, and the passage of theagglutinant through these tubes is regulated by means of a series ofrods which project thereinto, the tubes and rods thus cooperating toform needle valves, as will be understood. valve rods proper areattached at their up* per ends to a cross-bar 3, controlled by a pair ofretractile coil springs 4, the springs being` arranged at the ends ofthe hopper portion of the tank and exerting their tension upon bar 3 insuch a way as to normally depress the valve rods and thus preventdischarge of the agglutinant from the outlet ends of the tubes 1. Thelatter are further provided with inlets 5, but said inlets, like theoutlets, are normally closed owing to the depression of the valve rods.To maintain the agglutinant in a heated state, the tank may be equippedwith a suitable heating coil 6. The tank is arranged for movement towardand from the conveyer, through the agency of the aforo-mentioned leversystem, and at the beginning of the former movement, the valves areopened so as to permit a certain amount of agglutinant to pass throughthe inlets 3 into the discharge tubes 1 and to be subsequently deposited upon the rear ends of the previously formed pile-threads whenthe rod, 3 are depressed., iks represented in Figs. l to 3, the tank isprovided upon its opposite sides with pairs of rollers T and 3, whichrun upon pins, studs or the like affixed to the tank walls. rl`he rearstuds have also pivotally connected 'to them the front ends of a pair oflinks or bars 24, which are reciprocated by means of suitable mechanism,(not shown), and it is these bars, therefore, which serve to produce theworking or forward and backward movement of the tank, the latter sinkingduringits forward movement, and rising when moved backward. This effectis obtained through the coperation of the pairs of rollers T and S withfixed or sta`- tionary inciines or cams 9 and 10 mounted in the frame ofthe apparatus, the rollers traveling` down the inclines when the tank isadvanced, and upward when it is retracted.

rlhe said i To open the valves, there is provided a pair of two-armedlevers 11 pivoted on pins or studs 12 at opposite sides of the tank andhaving their front arms engaged with the bar 3, to raise the sameagainst the tension of the springs 1, when said levers are rockedclockwise. The movement just specified is produced by the action of apair of levers 13 that are disposed directly above the rear arms of thelevers 11 and are furnished with terminal rollers that engage anddepress said arms, as will be understood from Fig. l, such action beingaccomplished by the downward movement of a vertical rod 1G connected atits upper end to an arm 15 fastened to the rock shaft 1e1 which carriesthe said levers 13. Means is provided, also, for retaining or lockingthe valves in open position during` the forward movement of the tank.This locking is here shown as effected by moans of a pair ofspring-actuated pawls 30 which are pivoted upon opposite sides of saidtank and are drawn by the tension of their springs into engagement witha pair of studs 21 provided upon the adjacent levers 11, the arrangementbeing such that the engagement occurs after the clockwise rocking ofsaid levers has been accomplished. At the end of the forward movement ofthe tank, the locking pawls are automatically released froln engagementwith the studs, and the levers then return to initial position, thedisengagement being effected b v a pair of arms 22 that are secured toshaft 14 and are designed to strike against a pair of studs 21 attachedto said pawls. The levers 11 have finally associated therewith, a pairof spring-controlled auxiliary levers 33 which are pivoted at 33 to thelbars 21, and these levers 32 are so arranged as to be acted upon `attheir upper or rear ends by the corresponding ends of the said levers11, and as to engage at their front ends the tops of the cams orinclines 10, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, in order to maintain the tankelevated and, also, in proper position with relation to a suitabledevice, (not shown), for cleaning the lower ends of the tubes 1.

As previously explained, the opening of the valves for the purpose ofpermitting the entry of the agglutinant into the tubes 1 takes place atthe commencement of the forward movement of the tank. At the termi-`nation of this movement, the agglutinant is forced from said tubes, bythe depression of the rods 2, upon the rear ends of thepreviously-formedv pile-threads, the levers 11 being released at thattime to effect such depression, by theaction of the arms 23 whichdisengage the locking pawls L0 from the studs 21, whereupon the springs4 are free Ato act. The tank is then retracted by the bars 34, and atthe same time the spool from which the last set of sections was taken isreturned tothe spool-carrier, a second spool brought into the apparatus,and the ends of the threads Wound upon its component or individualspools successively brought into alinement with the aforesaid last setof sections, straightened out, attached thereto, and finally severed.rthe mechanisms or devices for effecting these operations form no partof the present invention and may be either of the type shown in ourprior' patent, or of any other desired cl'iaracter; hence, they areindicated merely diagrammatically in Fig. 4l, and will be given noextended description. It is Sullicient to state, therefore, that theends of the fresh threads are first acted on by a rake 0, whichstraightens them out and forces them into proper position against thecoated rear ends of the last set of sections or threads, that set, aswill be understood, having been previously attached to the pile-threadsalready formed. Next, the said straightened ends of the fresh threadsare acted upon by a compression mechanism le, which presses them againstthe coated ends of the last set of sections or threads, therebyeffecting the connection of the two sets of threads together. At aboutthe same time, the long spool from which the fresh threads have beentaken is moved a slight distance bachr` ward, in order to unwind thelength sullicient for the formation of the new sections. Next, a secondcompression mechanism m is brought into operation, and the first con1-pression mechanism c simultaneously detached from the threads and movedbackward, this second compression mechanism serving to press theconnected ends of the threads against the conveyor and thus attach thesame thereto. The unwound portions of the fresh threads are then severedby the action of a knife n, after which the second compression mechanismm rises, the conveyor adifances, and the tank is moved forward, theagglutinant being deposited upon the free ends of the severed threads orsections at the termination of such forward movement, the above cycle ofoperations being repeated until the formation of the continuons pilethreads completed. As the ends of these contirnious threads reach theend of the conveyer, they are removed therefrom, led between a pairoffeed rollers s and sl, and wound upon a reel fr, the latter havingassociated with it a "ariahle-speed talte-up device, (not shown).

1While the conveyor, which carries the threads through the apparatus,may advantageously he of the endless chain type, such conveyer, byreason of the fact that it consists entirely of the pivotally-connected,grooved cross-bars, can be constructed only at a great expense.Accordingly, to cheapen the cost of the apparatus, a series of bands ofmnslin or other suitable material may be substituted for the conveyorlpreviously re- :t'erred to, and a series of three cross-bars only usedin connection with said bands. The short lengths or sections of threadare caused to adhere slightly to the bands during the formation of thecontinuous threads and to t avel therewith, and the said continuousthreads can be readily removed from vthe bands prior to weaving so thatthe latter may be repeatedly used. lin Fig. Il, wherein this arrangementis illust-rated, 'r1 indicates the roller on which the bands 7' arewound side by side, t and r guide rollers for said bands, and y0, gl",and .(/wu the three crossbars over which the bands pass during thegluing operation. These bars are fixedly mounted in the f'ame c, andthey are arranged for cooperation, respectively, with the knife orcutting mechanism fn., and the second and first compression mechanisms mand L', the bar gw() cooperating, also, with the lalie o, which latterrests thereupon at the end of its forward stroke. The operation isotherwise similar to that previously described. rlhe bands fr may alsohe used with the endless chain conveyor, if desired, as will beunderstood.

lVe claim l. The process of forming pile warp or weft for use in themam'rlactlire of fabrics, which consists in arranging separate threadsof various colors that are to constitute the pattern of the fabriclongitudinally, one after another, in the order in which thecorrespontfling colors appear in such pattern, and gluing the adjoiningends of said threads together to obtain a single, centime ous thread.

2. The process of forming pile warp or weft for use in the manufactureof fabrics, which consists in arranging the variously# colored threadsthat are to constitute the pattern of the fabric longitudinally, oneafter another, upon a band in the order in which the correspondingcolors appear in such pattern, and gluing the adjoining ends of saidthreads together upon said band lo obtainV a single, continuons thread.

3. The process of forming pile warp or weft for use in the manufactureof fabrics, which consists in arranging the variouslycolored threadsthat are to constitute the pattern of the fabric longitudinally, oneafter another, upon a band in the order in which the correspoiulingcolors appear in such pattern, gluing the adjoining ends of said threadstogether upon said band to obtain a single, continuous thread, andremoving the band from such thread prior to weaving. L

l. A warp or weft for use in the manufacture of fabrics comprising acontinuous thread consisting ot a series of separate, short lengths ofthreads of various colors arranged longitiulinally, one after another inthe order in which the corresponding colors appear in the pattern of thefabric, and having their adjoiningends glued together.

5. rEhe Combination, With a flat band of textile material, of a Warp orweft Comprisin` a continuous thread Consisting of a series of separate,short lengths of thread of vari ons colors arranged longitudinally, oneafter another in the order in which the corre- 10 spending colors appearin the pattern of the fabric, said threads having their adjoining endsglued together and to said band.

ln 'testimony whereof We have signed our naines to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

PAUL SABONADXER. ETIENNE DEAUBONNE. Witnesses H. C. COKE, PAUL BLUM.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, ID. C.

